Glossary

These are the actions that people and societies must carry out to accommodate the new conditions generated by climate change (more or less rain, more torrential rains, more heat or more cold, longer and more intense periods of drought and rain, etc.), so that such changes are no longer felt as threats that generate disasters, but rather become manageable situations in which it is known what to do so that people's lives, production and/or their belongings are no longer in danger.

Long-term alteration of temperatures and weather patterns, caused mainly by human activities since the 19th century, such as land and forest clearing and agriculture. These activities emit greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and raise temperatures. The consequences of climate change now include, among others, intense droughts, water scarcity, severe fires, sea level rise, floods, polar ice melting, catastrophic storms and biodiversity decline.

It means having opportunities for work that is productive and produces a decent income, workplace security and social protection for families, better prospects for personal development and integration into society, freedom for people to express their opinions, organization and participation in decisions that affect their lives, and equal opportunity and treatment for all women and men.

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, without distinction of any kind of nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other condition. These rights are interrelated, interdependent and indivisible. Universal human rights are often enshrined in law and guaranteed by it through treaties, customary international law, general principles and other sources of international law. International human rights law establishes the obligations that governments have to take measures in certain situations, or to refrain from acting in a certain way in others, in order to promote and protect the human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.

It is the process of helping to restore an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged or destroyed. Often, the ecosystem that requires restoration has been directly or indirectly affected by human activities. In some cases, these impacts on ecosystems were caused or worsened by natural causes, such as fires, floods, storms or volcanic eruptions, to such a degree that the ecosystem cannot restore itself to its pre-disturbance state or its historical development trajectory. Restoration is a deliberate activity that initiates or accelerates the recovery of an ecosystem with respect to its health, integrity and sustainability.

It is any form of tourism that meets the following characteristics: a) It revolves around nature and the main motivation of tourists is the observation and appreciation of the natural environment, as well as the traditional cultures prevailing in natural areas; b) It includes pedagogical and nature interpretation aspects; c) Generally, although not always, the organization is in charge of specialized tourism operators and is oriented to small groups. At destinations, associated service providers are usually small locally owned businesses; d) It minimizes negative impacts on the natural and sociocultural environment and; e) It contributes to the maintenance of natural areas that constitute the ecotourism attraction.

It refers to any planned human intervention in a forest ecosystem to achieve specific goals and objectives, which can normally be grouped into environmental, economic and social. Sustainableforest managementis a 'dynamic and evolving concept, which aims to maintain and improve the economic, social and environmental value of all types of forests, for the benefit of present and future generations'. Forests and trees, if managed sustainably, make vital contributions to both people and the planet, strengthening livelihoods, providing clean air and water, conserving biodiversity and responding to climate change.

This concept starts from the recognition that historically women have been discriminated against and it is necessary to carry out actions that eliminate historical inequality and reduce gaps between women and men, taking into account that the inequality that women actually suffer can be aggravated based on age, race, ethnic belonging, sexual orientation, socioeconomic level, among others. Substantive equality involves modifying the circumstances that prevent people from fully exercising their rights and having access to development opportunities through structural, legal or public policy measures.

Phenomenon of temperature increase on a terrestrial scale relative to its mean values, whose origin lies in the increase in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases.

They are compounds that are present in the atmosphere and that absorb and emit infrared radiation. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The main GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. Under normal conditions, they are responsible for the planet's temperature being suitable for life as we know it. Carbon dioxide (CO2) constitutes 74% of greenhouse gas emissions. Two of the other main gases are methane (17%) and nitrous oxide (6.2%), which are generated mainly from gas burning, agriculture and waste treatment. Methane and nitrous oxide are more potent in their global warming potential than CO2, so they present additional opportunities to combat climate change if they were reduced. CO2 is less potent than gases like methane, but takes longer to disappear from the atmosphere and accumulates over time as more is generated.

It is a principle, a process and a practice. It encompasses two dimensions: 1. Agenda for change: Promotes change in favor of decarbonization of the economy, committed to achieving a sustainable, resilient and inclusive society that eradicates poverty and ensures decent work. 2. Equitable impact management: Ensures that the impacts of the transition process on the most vulnerable populations and regions are anticipated and managed in a just and concerted manner, while maximizing opportunities for socioeconomic transformation.

It is the remuneration that a worker receives for a standard work week in a given place and that is sufficient to afford a decent standard of living for him and his family. A decent standard of living encompasses food, water, housing, education, health care, transportation, clothing and other essential needs, including provision for contingencies.Living wagesare usually higher than minimum wages. Additionally, living wages are voluntary - employers can choose whether to offer them or not -, while minimum wages are mandatory by law.

Meaningful participation involves the active and genuine inclusion of different population groups in decision-making processes that affect them and their communities. It is not just about giving them a voice, but about recognizing their leadership and valuing and integrating their ideas, experiences and perspectives into political, programmatic and institutional decisions. This involves a multidimensional approach that includes information exchange, dialogue, mutual respect, joint decision-making and accountability.

Actions necessary to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or to increase carbon storage reserves, which prevent it from being released into the atmosphere. These are those actions that are done to promote technological reconversions to equipment that does not produce greenhouse gases, make better use of land or conserve forests and other ecosystems that, being made up of living beings (animals and plants), are storing carbon in their tissues. Talking about mitigating climate change has nothing to do with mitigating the risk of emergencies and disasters. This latter concept is directly related to climate change adaptation, as it refers to the possibility of reducing the effects of a threat on a territory.

Commitments that countries make to combat climate change and achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement. These commitments translate into policies or programs with greenhouse gas mitigation measures and adaptation measures to the impacts of climate change. Countries communicate new or updated NDCs every five years. In each new or updated NDC, countries increase the ambition of their mitigation and adaptation actions and improve the clarity, transparency and understanding of these. The importance of NDCs is that in addition to communicating ambitious national efforts, it ensures that financial flows are consistent with the objectives set by each country to limit the advance of climate change.

A negative impact refers to unwanted or adverse consequences that result from the implementation of the policy or project, negatively affecting the target population or other groups. These consequences can include reductions in well-being, aggravation of inequalities, deterioration of health, or harmful economic effects.

Set of coordinated activities that are carried out to achieve specific results. All projects require prior planning and usually have limitations for their execution, such as a determined budget, a deadline or a series of available resources.

It is a type of agriculture that promotes soil that harbors a large amount of life and organic matter and is capable of producing food using nature's own resources. Its objective is therefore to regenerate, stimulate and maintain the fertility and biodiversity of the land. The practices it proposes are characterized by eliminating tillage, which breaks the soil structure; maintaining plant cover, to avoid leaving the land bare and prevent its erosion; increasing plant diversity and production; combining agriculture and livestock, using grazing animals to fertilize the land, while the animals enjoy good nutrition; planning better water use; and avoiding the use of heavy machinery, fertilizers, pesticides and chemical fertilizers.

It is understood as an adverse effect that can occur, but has not yet occurred.

Stakeholders are all people, companies or institutions that can influence your project or be affected, positively or negatively. They can be government agencies, local communities or associations, consumers, collaborators, suppliers, elected officials, among others.

The SDGs, also known as Agenda 2030, are 17 interconnected global goals designed to be a 'plan to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all'. They are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. These 17 Goals build on the achievements of the Millennium Development Goals, while including new areas such as climate change, economic inequality, innovation, sustainable consumption and peace and justice, among other priorities.

Document that describes how an organization (public entity, financial institution, company, etc.) plans to change its processes, operations and business models to meet specific climate commitments. These plans help organizations align with global climate change mitigation objectives, such as those established in the Paris Agreement, and prepare for the impacts of the transition towards a sustainable economy. A transition plan includes goals and objectives, risk and opportunity assessment, management actions and implementation schedule including resource allocation and definition of progress indicators.

These are policies that aim to change the economic structure to one with low carbon emissions and respectful of the environment. In turn, they refer to those measures that protect population groups that are negatively affected by the interventions of these public policies. Policies that are favorable for a just transition can include: labor skills development, social dialogue and tripartism, protection of workers' rights, occupational safety and health, social protection, active labor market policies, business policies, industrial and sectoral policies, and macroeconomic and growth policies.

'Propensity or predisposition to be negatively affected'. In the context of climate change, it refers to the potential for negative effects that result from the impacts of climate change. Vulnerability to the same risks can differ according to gender, wealth, mobility and other factors. It is influenced by adaptive capacity: the greater this capacity, the lower the vulnerability.

United Nations instruments define them as indigenous peoples, women, national, ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities, children, people with disabilities, and migrant workers and their families. In other contexts, populations who are victims of internal displacement due to the impact on a multiplicity of underlying rights caused by displacement can be added.